Tinidazole removal from aqueous solution by sonolysis in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

Aqueous solutions of the tinidazole (TNZ) have been treated by applying the combination of ultrasound irradiation and H2O2. Based on the results, the maximum removal efficiency of 75% was achieved under the optimum operating conditions (pH 3, 120 kHz frequency, 333 mM/L of H2O2 and 150 min of operating time) while, under the same conditions the minimum removal efficiency was found to be 8.5 by ultrasound radiation in the absence of H2O2. The results also revealed that the degradation of TNZ was enhanced with decreasing both TNZ initial concentrations and pH. Furthermore, TNZ removal efficiency in the case of actual wastewater was less than of synthetic wastewater (75% and 68% of synthetic and actual, respectively). According to the chromatographic analyses, no harmful intermediate compounds were observed. The chemical oxygen demand analysis (65% reduction) confirmed our findings.

[Myocardial extraction of nonesterified fatty acids and ketone bodies and their relationship normally and in experimental diabetes mellitus]. / Miokardial'naia ékstraktsiia neésterifitsirovannykh zhirnykh kislot, ketonovykh tel i ikh vzaimootnosheniia v norme i pri éksperimental'nom sakharnom diabete.

It was established in experiments on 20 dogs with diabetes mellitus and 14 control animals that the relationships between glucose-insulin and non-esterified fatty acids-ketone bodies (NEKB) change in the course of diabetes mellitus development. The study of myocardial extraction of NEKB and ketone bodies has shown an increase in their consumption by the myocardium in diabetes mellitus. Intensification of myocardial extraction of ketone bodies was stipulated by elevation of their concentration in the arterial blood and by activation of appropriate enzymes participating in their metabolism. An enhancement of NEKB myocardial consumption seems likely to be due to activation of the appropriate enzymes promoting their utilization.

[Ultrastructural manifestations of early metabolic disorders in the myocardium of dogs with alloxan diabetes]. / Ul'trastrukturnoe proiavlenie rannikh metabolicheskikh narushenii v miokarde sobak pri alloksanovom diabete.

The ultrastructure of dog cardiomyocytes was studied one month after reproducing alloxan diabetes, with respect to myocardial extraction from the blood of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, beta-lipoproteins and ketone bodies as well as to respiration in conjunction with oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria, hexokinase and phosphorylase activity. Destructive changes in mitochondria, increased glycogen content in cardiomyocytes were revealed in the absence of glucose consumption by the myocardium which absorbed only lipoid metabolites. Lipoid inclusions were rarely seen in cardiomyocytes. The myocardium showed the increased content of lysosomes and hydrolytic phosphorylase. It is suggested that lipoid metabolites transform to glycogen, with lysosomes participating in the process.

[Morphometric analysis of microangiopathy in dogs with alloxan diabetes]. / Morfometricheskii analiz mikroangiopatii pri alloksanovom diabete u sobak.

Morphometric and morphological analysis of microvascular changes of the mesentery of the small intestine in dogs with alloxan diabetes of one month duration was carried out. A number of changes pointing to functional and structural reconstruction of the microcirculatory bed were revealed.